{"id":10986,"date":"2025-08-25T23:40:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T21:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/?p=10986"},"modified":"2025-12-11T10:23:42","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T09:23:42","slug":"medkulturno-poljedelstvo-kot-mozna-alternativa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/sl\/medkulturno-poljedelstvo-kot-mozna-alternativa\/","title":{"rendered":"Medkulturno poljedelstvo kot mo\u017ena alternativa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Kako lahko re\u0161imo tako na\u0161o zemljo kot tudi na\u0161e gospodarstvo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gospodarska in vremenska nepredvidljivost v zadnjih letih je kmetom postavila resne izzive. Upravljanje kmetij postaja vse te\u017eje, medtem ko EU&nbsp;<em>Zeleni dogovor<\/em>&nbsp;Prav tako moramo upo\u0161tevati vse stro\u017eje predpise. Mnogi ljudje te predpise vidijo kot nepotrebne ovire in bi jih najraje v celoti izognili.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vendar, \u010de pomislimo, kako hitro se spreminja na\u0161e podnebje, kako mo\u010dno se poslab\u0161uje stanje na\u0161ih tal \u2013 in s tem tudi kakovost na\u0161e hrane \u2013 in razmislimo, kak\u0161en svet \u017eelimo zapustiti na\u0161im otrokom in vnukom, je jasno, da ni druge poti. Sprejeti moramo spremembe in ukrepati za prihodnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Izbolj\u0161anje tal in stro\u0161kovna u\u010dinkovitost \u2013 ali lahko gresta z roko v roki?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ena od re\u0161itev bi lahko bila medkulturno ali me\u0161ano poljedelstvo. Ta metoda omogo\u010da, da se v enem rastnem ciklu na isti povr\u0161ini pridelajo ve\u010d vrst pridelkov. Pri medkulturnem poljedelstvu se razli\u010dne rastlinske vrste gojijo lo\u010deno v vrstah ali pasovih, medtem ko se pri me\u0161anem poljedelstvu razli\u010dne rastlinske vrste gojijo skupaj.\u00a0<strong>me\u0161ano sejanje<\/strong>\u00a0el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-10.png 750w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-10-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-10-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-10-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>R\u017e in puhast bukev, Ferencsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s, Kukutyinova delavnica (foto: V\u00edg Vit\u00e1lia)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kombinirano gojenje \u017eit \u2013 kot so p\u0161enica, r\u017e, je\u010dmen ali tritikala \u2013 in stro\u010dnic \u2013 kot so grah, gra\u0161ica in bob \u2013 ponuja \u0161tevilne agronomske prednosti, zlasti v regijah z majhno koli\u010dino padavin.<em>. Toker in sodelavci<\/em>\u00a0(2024, doi.org\/10.1080\/1343943X.2024.2372878) je povzel ve\u010d \u0161tudij in pokazal, da se v takih povezanih sistemih razli\u010dne koreninske strukture \u017eit in stro\u010dnic dobro dopolnjujejo, kar ima za posledico u\u010dinkovitej\u0161e sprejemanje vode in hranil, zlasti na obmo\u010djih z majhno koli\u010dino padavin. Poudarili so tudi pomen izkori\u0161\u010danja du\u0161ika: stro\u010dnice lahko ve\u017eejo du\u0161ik iz ozra\u010dja, \u017eita pa ga lahko delno izkoristijo v drugi polovici rastne sezone. Posledi\u010dno se zmanj\u0161a potreba po zunanjih gnojilih, kar pomeni tako gospodarske prihranke kot tudi koristi za okolje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10989\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-11.png 750w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-11-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-11-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-11-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Po lo\u010ditvi: jesenski grah in konjske fi\u017eole ter nekaj r\u017ei, Ferencsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s, Kukutyin Workshop (foto: Attila Szab\u00f3)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vendar pa interakcija ne deluje samo na fizi\u010dni ravni. Povezane rastline spodbujajo prisotnost koristnih mikroorganizmov v tleh, kot so rizobiji in mikorize. Ti mikroorganizmi izbolj\u0161ujejo kro\u017eenje hranil in pove\u010dujejo odpornost rastlin na razli\u010dne okoljske stresne dejavnike. Najnovej\u0161e znanstvene ugotovitve ka\u017eejo, da je za uspeh sistemov medsebojnega sajenja klju\u010dnega pomena ne le uporabljena vrsta, temve\u010d tudi genetska zdru\u017eljivost posameznih sort. Na primer&nbsp;<em>Demie in drugi.<\/em>&nbsp;(2022, doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2022.846720) je povzel rezultate ve\u010d kot 69 \u0161tudij in pokazal, da je u\u010dinkovitost medsebojnega pridelovanja \u017eit in stro\u010dnic v veliki meri odvisna od izbranih sort (genotipov): zna\u010dilnosti uporabljenih sort \u2013 kot so njihovo obdobje rasti, vi\u0161ina in koreninski sistem \u2013 lahko vplivajo na kombinirano&nbsp;<strong>u\u010dinkovite kombinacije rastlin,<\/strong>&nbsp;in to ima pomemben vpliv na skupni donos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da sorte \u017eit s kratkimi stebli na splo\u0161no bolje uspevajo v me\u0161anih sistemih, saj manj sen\u010dijo stro\u010dnice, kar omogo\u010da bolj idealno regulacijo svetlobe in prostorsko porazdelitev \u2013 to je tudi rezultat dobro izbrane harmonije med genotipi. Povezani sistemi dobro delujejo tudi v pogojih z malo hranil in majhno koli\u010dino padavin. Sodelovanje med dvema rastlinama izbolj\u0161a mikroklimo tal: listje ene rastline lahko zagotovi senco in zmanj\u0161a izhlapevanje tal, kar je koristno za rast druge rastline. Poleg tega povezano sejanje&nbsp;<strong>u\u010dinkovito sredstvo za zatiranje plevela&nbsp;<\/strong>To ima tudi vpliv, saj gostej\u0161a rast rastlin pu\u0161\u010da manj prostora in svetlobe za plevel, kar zmanj\u0161a potrebo po kemi\u010dnem posredovanju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vmesni poskusi pridelave, izvedeni na raziskovalni postaji MATE v Szegedu, so pokazali, da je brez uporabe herbicidov mogo\u010de dose\u010di znatno zatiranje plevela s sejanjem stro\u010dnic v kombinaciji z \u017eitom, hkrati pa zmanj\u0161ati izgube pridelka. Ko je bilo to kombinirano z ustreznim kemi\u010dnim nadzorom plevela, je bil skupni pridelek vi\u0161ji, kot \u010de bi bila posejana samo ena vrsta rastline (<em>Dr. Melinda Tar<\/em>, (Osebna komunikacija z MGK, vi\u0161jim raziskovalnim sodelavcem na Univerzi v Szegedu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V na\u0161em \u010dlanku se osredoto\u010damo na te\u017eji, a donosnej\u0161i pristop, in sicer na mo\u017enosti kombiniranega sejanja za proizvodnjo semena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kateri dejavniki je treba upo\u0161tevati?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ce je cilj pobiranje semen, so tri stvari \u0161e posebej pomembne:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Poskrbite, da rastline dozorijo isto\u010dasno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Morajo biti pridelani z istim strojem in istimi nastavitvami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Pobrana semena morajo biti enostavna za lo\u010devanje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10990\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12.png 750w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>2023 medsebojno sajenje graha in p\u0161enice v Kiskunmajs\u00e1nu (foto: Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Primer: jesenski grah in jesenska p\u0161enica<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ena najpreprostej\u0161ih in najbolj preizku\u0161enih kombinacij je jesenski grah in jesenska p\u0161enica. Ti se lahko sejejo isto\u010dasno, na enako globino, z isto sejalnico. Z ustrezno izbiro sort je mogo\u010de uskladiti njihovo zorenje in jih brez izgube po\u017eeti z istimi nastavitvami kombajna. Semena je nato mogo\u010de enostavno lo\u010diti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Agrotehni\u010dni vidiki in pasti<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>- Izbor sort: To je klju\u010dno vpra\u0161anje, saj morata biti obe rastlini v ravnovesju. Izogibajte se sortam graha, ki razvijejo prekomerno vegetativno maso. V primeru p\u0161enice, \u010de je grmi\u010dasta, zmanj\u0161ajte koli\u010dino semena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Razmerje sejanja: Priporo\u010dljivo je razmerje 50-50% ali 60% graha do 40% p\u0161enice. Pri teh razmerjih interakcija \u0161e vedno deluje dobro in nobena rastlina ne prepre\u010duje rasti druge. Pri razmerju 50-50 letnik in lokacija rasti dolo\u010data, katera rastlina prevlada. Razmerje 60-40 je lahko ugodnej\u0161e zaradi sposobnosti graha za vezavo du\u0161ika in njegove vi\u0161je tr\u017ene vrednosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na\u010din setve: Setev se lahko opravi v enem ali dveh prehodih, vendar dvojni prehodi pomenijo dodatne stro\u0161ke in po\u0161kodbe zaradi pohoda. Enoprehodna setev se lahko opravi v isti vrsti ali v izmeni\u010dnih vrstah. Obe metodi imata svoje prednosti. Na primer, setev v eni vrsti lahko privede do tesnej\u0161ih koreninskih povezav.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadzor plevela: Ker je izbira herbicidov zaradi me\u0161anih posevkov bolj omejena, je pomembno, da je obmo\u010dje ob setvi brez plevela. Tehnologija neposrednega sejanja je prednostna, saj pravo\u010dasen popoln nadzor plevela ohranja posevek \u010dist. Po potrebi se za obdelavo po vzklitju lahko uporabijo izdelki na osnovi MCPB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cas setve: Prilagodite se \u010dasu setve graha. Prezgodnja setev v ugodnih vremenskih razmerah lahko povzro\u010di prekomerno rast in pojav listnih u\u0161i. Prepozno setev pa lahko povzro\u010di \u0161ibko rast in ob\u010dutljivost na zmrzal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10991\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-13.png 750w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-13-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-13-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-13-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>P\u0161enica in grah v zimskem mrazu (foto: Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Vpliv rastlin druga na drugo<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ena najve\u010djih prednosti medkulturne pridelave je, da sta obe rastlini\u00a0<strong>njihove biolo\u0161ke obrambne sposobnosti se medsebojno krepijo.<\/strong>\u00a0\u0160kodljivci in patogeni se \u0161irijo manj kot v monokulturah. Koreninske cone dvokali\u010dnic (grah) in enokali\u010dnic (p\u0161enica) se tudi dopolnjujejo: izlo\u010dajo razli\u010dne koreninske kisline, privabljajo razli\u010dne mikroorganizme in skupaj prispevajo k obogatitvi \u017eivljenja v tleh. Obe rastlini sta sposobni oblikovati mikorizne odnose, prek katerih lahko med seboj delita hranila. Du\u0161ik, ki ga ve\u017ee grah, lahko pomaga tudi pri razvoju p\u0161enice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Gospodarske koristi \u2013 zakaj se spla\u010da?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ob ugodnih talnih razmerah in primernih vremenskih pogojih na prostem&nbsp;<strong>vir du\u0161ika&nbsp;<\/strong>Brez njega je mogo\u010de dose\u010di donos 4\u20136 ton p\u0161enice na hektar, ki ga je mogo\u010de dopolniti z dodatnimi 1\u20132,5 tonami graha. Vendar pa se tudi na obmo\u010djih s slab\u0161imi pogoji lahko spla\u010da poskusiti medkulturno pridelovanje na na\u0161ih kmetijah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na primer, pe\u0161\u010dena tla v Kiskunmajsi niso med najbolj\u0161imi za pridelavo p\u0161enice, vendar so bili dose\u017eeni spodbudni rezultati: Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3 (&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mezohir.hu\/2025\/06\/07\/agrar-regenerativ-jovokep-talajmegujitas-mezogazdasag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kmetje za obnovo tal<\/a>&nbsp;Glede na podatke o letini njegovega zdru\u017eenja za leto 2023 je bilo pridelano pol tone p\u0161enice in 2 tone graha. Za setev je uporabil 2,5 milijona p\u0161eni\u010dnih semen in 0,5 milijona grahovih semen, kot dodatek hranil pa le 400 kg gnoja na hektar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ce obe pridelki prodamo v razsutem stanju kot krmo za \u017eivali, lahko \u017ee dose\u017eemo bolj\u0161e gospodarske rezultate kot s pridelavo same p\u0161enice. \u010ce pa ju prodamo lo\u010deno za prehrano ljudi, imata \u0161e vi\u0161jo vrednost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na \u017ealost doma\u010da proizvodnja suhih stro\u010dnic prakti\u010dno ne obstaja, medtem ko so police v trgovinah ve\u010dinoma zalo\u017eene s stro\u010dnicami iz Kanade ali Indije. Vendar bi jih lahko pridelovali tudi pri nas doma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cena mletega p\u0161enice ni veliko vi\u0161ja od cene krme, medtem ko grah stane 150\u2013200 HUF\/kg kot krma in pribli\u017eno 350 HUF za polkilogramsko pakiranje kot hrana za ljudi. Na podlagi tega je enostavno izra\u010dunati, koliko dodatnega dohodka je mogo\u010de ustvariti z relativno majhnim vlo\u017ekom, da ne omenjamo vrednosti du\u0161ika, ki ga grah pusti v tleh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zakaj ne bi gojili graha?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Upravi\u010deno vpra\u0161anje bi lahko bilo: \u010de je grah tako dragocen, zakaj ga ne pridelujemo sami? Odgovor je bil delno podan \u017ee v prej\u0161njem delu \u010dlanka: ekolo\u0161ke prednosti medkulturne in me\u0161ane pridelave \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agraragazat.hu\/hir\/agrar-talajjavitasi-modszerek-mezogazdasag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">izbolj\u0161anje tal<\/a>, zatiranje plevela, odpornost proti boleznim \u2013 vse to izgubimo, \u010de sejemo samo grah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Drugi prakti\u010dni argument je, da se grah, \u010de se goji brez oporne rastline, med zorenjem zlahka splahni in raz\u0161iri po tleh, kar ote\u017euje ali celo onemogo\u010da \u017eetev. \u010ce ga na primer kombiniramo s p\u0161enico, p\u0161enica pomaga \u201edr\u017eati\u201d grah, ki nato zori v pokon\u010dnem polo\u017eaju in je veliko la\u017eje pobrati. Poleg tega je koreninska masa, ki ostane po \u017eitu,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agraragazat.hu\/hir\/agrar-noveli-a-regenerativ-gazdalkodas-jovedelmezoseget-csokkenti-koltsegeket-mezogazdasag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v sistemu brez oranja<\/a>&nbsp;znatno prispeva k obnovi organskih rezerv tal in hranjenju organizmov, ki razgrajujejo tla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.png 750w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>R\u017e in bukve, Kiskunmajsa (foto: Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160ibkej\u0161a obmo\u010dja: r\u017e-bukova zdru\u017eba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ce&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agraragazat.hu\/hir\/agrar-ridegtartas-allattartas-legeltetes-mezogazdasag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">talne razmere na obmo\u010dju<\/a>&nbsp;ali \u010de koli\u010dina padavin ni ugodna za gojenje p\u0161enice ali graha, je lahko dobra izbira kombinacija r\u017ei in puhaste ovsa. \u010ceprav je izbira sort bolj omejena, je \u0161e vedno mogo\u010de ustvariti kombinacijo, ki dobro deluje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pomembno je, da bukvi zagotovimo dovolj prostora. Zaradi po\u010dasnej\u0161e za\u010detne rasti jo lahko hitro rasto\u010da r\u017e zlahka preglasi, \u010de je slednje prisotno v prekomernih koli\u010dinah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2011 Bukve za\u010dnejo v toplih spomladanskih dneh spektakularno rasti, zato je smiselno ustrezno prilagoditi razmerje setve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Priporo\u010dena koli\u010dina semena: r\u017e: 1,2\u20132 milijona semen\/ha (~40\u201360 kg), puhasta liska: 2\u20132,4 milijona semen\/ha (~60\u201370 kg).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ce se setev izvede na obmo\u010dju brez plevela in je za\u010detni razvoj ustrezen, je skoraj gotovo, da plevel kasneje ne bo predstavljal problema. Zelo verjetno je, da bo r\u017e zrela nekoliko prej, vendar je treba \u017eetev odlo\u017eiti, dokler bukve ne dozorijo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"751\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10993\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15.png 751w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Po \u017eetvi r\u017ei in bukve, Kiskunmajsa (foto: Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sejanje stro\u010dnic brez njihovega pobiranja<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Eden od mo\u017enih namenov medkulturne pridelave je pridelava glavne kulture, na primer \u017eita, medtem ko so stro\u010dnice, posejane poleg nje, v sistem vklju\u010dene predvsem zaradi diverzifikacije in fiksiranja du\u0161ika. Prakti\u010den primer tega je mogo\u010de najti v Ferencsz\u00e1ll\u00e1su, na kmetiji Kukutyin M\u0171hely, kjer se r\u017e in p\u0161enica B\u00e1nk\u00fati sejejo skupaj s \u0161tirimi razli\u010dnimi vrstami stro\u010dnic: kosmatim gra\u0161kom, rde\u010dim deteljo, poljskim fi\u017eolom in jesenskim grahom. Glavna vloga stro\u010dnic tu ni nujno pridelava, ampak pove\u010danje vsebnosti du\u0161ika v tleh in okrepitev agroekolo\u0161ke raznovrstnosti. \u010ce stro\u010dnice proizvedejo dovolj semen, jih bo kmetija uporabila za setev naslednje leto, s \u010dimer se bo zaklju\u010dil cikel sistema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trajnostno kmetijstvo s povezanimi sistemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Praksa medkulturne pridelave postaja vse pomembnej\u0161a alternativa&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mezohir.hu\/2025\/06\/17\/agrar-klimavaltozas-technologiai-valaszok-mezogazdasag\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">podnebne spremembe<\/a>, degradacija tal in gospodarska negotovost. Kombinacija \u017eit in stro\u010dnic ne le pove\u010da pridelek, ampak tudi izbolj\u0161a stanje tal, zmanj\u0161a potrebo po gnojilih in spodbuja trajnostno kmetijstvo. Klju\u010d do uspeha je izbira pravih vrst in sort, saj ima genska zdru\u017eljivost odlo\u010dilni vpliv na u\u010dinkovitost sistema. Primeri, ki v praksi dobro delujejo, so ozimna p\u0161enica\u2013zimski grah in r\u017e\u2013mehki oves, ki se lahko \u017eanjejo hkrati in so enostavni za lo\u010devanje. Tak\u0161ni sistemi ne prina\u0161ajo le ekolo\u0161kih koristi, ampak lahko zagotovijo tudi gospodarsko varnost za kmetijstvo prihodnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avtor: V\u00edg Vit\u00e1lia, ekologinja tal, vodja izobra\u017eevalnega programa pri Zdru\u017eenju kmetov za obnovo tal, ustanoviteljica Terravitka<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zolt\u00e1n Szab\u00f3, geograf, kmetijski tehnik, regenerativni kmet, vodja raziskovalnega odbora Zdru\u017eenja kmetov za obnovo tal<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hogyan ments\u00fck meg egyszerre a talajainkat \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1gunkat? Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vek gazdas\u00e1gi \u00e9s id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1si kisz\u00e1m\u00edthatatlans\u00e1ga komoly kih\u00edv\u00e1sok el\u00e9 \u00e1ll\u00edtotta a gazd\u00e1lkod\u00f3kat. Egyre nehezebb k\u00e9zben tartani a gazdas\u00e1g ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, mik\u00f6zben az uni\u00f3s&nbsp;Green Deal&nbsp;szigorod\u00f3 el\u0151\u00edr\u00e1sainak is meg kell feleln\u00fcnk. Sokan ezeket a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sokat csup\u00e1n felesleges neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gk\u00e9nt \u00e9lik meg, \u00e9s legsz\u00edvesebben messzir\u0151l elker\u00fcln\u00e9k \u0151ket. Ha azonban v\u00e9giggondoljuk, [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":141,"featured_media":10987,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,48],"tags":[45],"class_list":["post-10986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noveny","category-talaj","tag-cikk"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Az intercropping mint lehets\u00e9ges alternat\u00edva - Talajmeg\u00faj\u00edt\u00f3 Gazd\u00e1k Egyes\u00fclete<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/sl\/medkulturno-poljedelstvo-kot-mozna-alternativa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Az intercropping mint lehets\u00e9ges alternat\u00edva - Talajmeg\u00faj\u00edt\u00f3 Gazd\u00e1k Egyes\u00fclete\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hogyan ments\u00fck meg egyszerre a talajainkat \u00e9s a gazdas\u00e1gunkat? 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Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vek gazdas\u00e1gi \u00e9s id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1si kisz\u00e1m\u00edthatatlans\u00e1ga komoly kih\u00edv\u00e1sok el\u00e9 \u00e1ll\u00edtotta a gazd\u00e1lkod\u00f3kat. Egyre nehezebb k\u00e9zben tartani a gazdas\u00e1g ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, mik\u00f6zben az uni\u00f3s&nbsp;Green Deal&nbsp;szigorod\u00f3 el\u0151\u00edr\u00e1sainak is meg kell feleln\u00fcnk. Sokan ezeket a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sokat csup\u00e1n felesleges neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gk\u00e9nt \u00e9lik meg, \u00e9s legsz\u00edvesebben messzir\u0151l elker\u00fcln\u00e9k \u0151ket. Ha azonban v\u00e9giggondoljuk, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/sl\/medkulturno-poljedelstvo-kot-mozna-alternativa\/","og_site_name":"Talajmeg\u00faj\u00edt\u00f3 Gazd\u00e1k Egyes\u00fclete","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tmg.egyesulet\/","article_published_time":"2025-08-25T21:40:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-11T09:23:42+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":563,"url":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Rozs-es-bukkony-Kiskunmajsa.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Csizm\u00e1n Zolt\u00e1n","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Csizm\u00e1n Zolt\u00e1n","Est. reading time":"11 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/"},"author":{"name":"Csizm\u00e1n Zolt\u00e1n","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/#\/schema\/person\/3848fe83e5041cff6a4b3dc1a7725505"},"headline":"Az intercropping mint lehets\u00e9ges alternat\u00edva","datePublished":"2025-08-25T21:40:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-11T09:23:42+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/"},"wordCount":2802,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Rozs-es-bukkony-Kiskunmajsa.jpg","keywords":["Cikk"],"articleSection":["N\u00f6v\u00e9ny","Talaj"],"inLanguage":"sl-SI"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/","url":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/","name":"Me\u0161ano poljedelstvo kot mo\u017ena alternativa \u2013 Zdru\u017eenje kmetov za obnovo tal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Rozs-es-bukkony-Kiskunmajsa.jpg","datePublished":"2025-08-25T21:40:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-11T09:23:42+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sl-SI","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sl-SI","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Rozs-es-bukkony-Kiskunmajsa.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Rozs-es-bukkony-Kiskunmajsa.jpg","width":750,"height":563},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/az-intercropping-mint-lehetseges-alternativa\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Az intercropping mint lehets\u00e9ges alternat\u00edva"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/","name":"TMG - 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