{"id":12035,"date":"2026-06-20T09:27:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-20T07:27:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/?p=12035"},"modified":"2026-06-20T09:27:43","modified_gmt":"2026-06-20T07:27:43","slug":"otlacok-pody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/sk\/a-talaj-ujjlenyomata\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eOtla\u010dok prsta\u201d p\u00f4dy\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pfeifferova p\u00f4dna chromatografia je jednoduch\u00e1 met\u00f3da, pomocou ktorej si po\u013enohospod\u00e1ri m\u00f4\u017eu sami urobi\u0165 preh\u013ead o dian\u00ed v p\u00f4de<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O p\u00f4de vieme zozbiera\u0165 mno\u017estvo \u00fadajov. Laborat\u00f3rne testy ur\u010duj\u00fa hodnotu pH, mno\u017estvo organickej hmoty, obsah fosforu alebo drasl\u00edka a mno\u017estvo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u017eiv\u00edn. Kto sa v\u0161ak u\u017e dlho venuje po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvu, vie, \u017ee stav p\u00f4dy nemo\u017eno op\u00edsa\u0165 len \u010d\u00edslami. Ba \u010do viac, pre mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla z\u00edskan\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade anal\u00fdz p\u00f4dy takmer ni\u010d neznamenaj\u00fa. \u0160trukt\u00fara, \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161stvo a rastlinn\u00e1 r\u00ed\u0161a, kvalita humusu a biologick\u00e9 procesy spolo\u010dne ur\u010duj\u00fa, do akej miery je p\u00f4da \u017eiv\u00e1 a zdrav\u00e1.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existuje jeden osobit\u00e1 met\u00f3da<\/a>, ktor\u00e1 tento komplexn\u00fd stav premie\u0148a na obraz. Ide o kruhov\u00fa chromatografiu, ktor\u00e1 z p\u00f4dnej vzorky vytv\u00e1ra na filtra\u010dnom papieri p\u00f4sobiv\u00fd vzor. Kruhy, l\u00fa\u010de a farby vzorky sl\u00fa\u017eia ako ak\u00fdsi vizu\u00e1lny odtla\u010dok prsta, ktor\u00fd ukazuje, v akom stave sa p\u00f4da nach\u00e1dza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to met\u00f3da v posledn\u00fdch rokoch vzbudzuje \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1ujem medzi po\u013enohospod\u00e1rmi, ktor\u00ed sa venuj\u00fa regenerat\u00edvnemu a ekologick\u00e9mu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvu. Nie je to n\u00e1hoda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Na
Foto: shutterstock.com<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f sa stane vidite\u013en\u00fdm stav p\u00f4dy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vo febru\u00e1ri 2026 zorganizovalo Zdru\u017eenie po\u013enohospod\u00e1rov za obnovu p\u00f4dy pre svojich \u010dlenov \u0161peci\u00e1lne \u0161kolenie. Pozvali Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se G\u00e4sslerov\u00e1<\/em>t, zamestnanca franc\u00fazskej spolo\u010dnosti G\u00e4ssler SAS, aby ma\u010farsk\u00fdm po\u013enohospod\u00e1rom predviedol praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie kruhovej chromatografie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsky podnik rodiny G\u00e4sslerovcov funguje u\u017e viac ako dvadsa\u0165 rokov na z\u00e1klade regenerat\u00edvneho pr\u00edstupu. Nielen\u017ee \u00faspe\u0161ne prev\u00e1dzkuj\u00fa svoj vlastn\u00fd podnik regenerat\u00edvnym sp\u00f4sobom, ale pomohli aj tis\u00edckam po\u013enohospod\u00e1rov vo Franc\u00fazsku a Nemecku zavies\u0165 regenerat\u00edvne postupy. Z\u00e1kladom ich syst\u00e9mu je bez obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy<\/a>, a p\u00f4dopokryvn\u00e9 rastliny<\/a> jeho vyu\u017e\u00edvanie a podpora p\u00f4dneho \u017eivota. Stav p\u00f4dy a rastl\u00edn sleduj\u00fa viacer\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami: anal\u00fdzou rastlinn\u00fdch exsud\u00e1tov, p\u00f4dnou anal\u00fdzou pod\u013ea Kinseyho a Albrechta a kruhovou chromatografiou. Kruhov\u00e1 chromatografia je pre nich akousi vizu\u00e1lnou sp\u00e4tnou v\u00e4zbou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako uviedla Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se G\u00e4sslerov\u00e1: kvalita ich p\u00f4dy sa v uplynul\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ila, av\u0161ak such\u00e1 v posledn\u00fdch rokoch tento proces spomalili. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee t\u00e1to zmena je jasne vidite\u013en\u00e1 aj na chromatogramoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stav p\u00f4dy je teda nielen merate\u013en\u00fd, ale pomocou kruhovej chromatografie ho mo\u017eno aj vizualizova\u0165. T\u00e1to met\u00f3da nie je nov\u00e1. Vedci a po\u013enohospod\u00e1ri sa u\u017e takmer sto rokov venuj\u00fa pr\u00edprave a interpret\u00e1cii chromatogramov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"SEO:
Na obr\u00e1zku je chromatogram plochy, ktor\u00e1 bola predt\u00fdm obhospodarovan\u00e1 ekologicky a u\u017e dva roky sa na nej uplat\u0148uje syst\u00e9m bezorebn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1bania. T\u00e1to p\u00f4da sa nach\u00e1dza v po\u010diato\u010dnom \u0161t\u00e1diu regener\u00e1cie. Je zhutnen\u00e1, ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa jej jemn\u00e9 radi\u00e1lne l\u00ednie, ktor\u00e9 by sved\u010dili o dobrej \u0161trukt\u00fare. Rozmanitos\u0165 bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed je tie\u017e n\u00edzka, ale d\u00e1 sa pozorova\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e1 biologick\u00e1 aktivita (foto: z\u00e1bery autora)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1pad, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 takmer sto rokov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Korene tejto met\u00f3dy siahaj\u00fa a\u017e do za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd princ\u00edp kapil\u00e1rnej chromatografie ako prv\u00ed uplatnili man\u017eelia Koliskovci, ke\u010f sk\u00famali absorpciu kvapal\u00edn na papieri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento pr\u00edstup \u010falej rozvinul \u0161vaj\u010diarsky biochemik Ehrenfried Pfeiffer<\/em>, ktor\u00fd pracoval ako v\u00fdskumn\u00edk v oblasti biodynamick\u00e9ho po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva. Jeho cie\u013eom bolo n\u00e1js\u0165 met\u00f3du, ktor\u00e1 by na jedinom obr\u00e1zku zn\u00e1zornila komplexn\u00e9 fungovanie p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak vznikla Pfeifferova kruhov\u00e1 chromatografia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Podstata tejto met\u00f3dy je jednoduch\u00e1: extrakt z p\u00f4dy sa rozotrie na filtra\u010dnom papieri, pri\u010dom l\u00e1tky v \u0148om obsiahnut\u00e9 sa pohybuj\u00fa r\u00f4znou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou. Na papieri o\u0161etrenom roztokom dusi\u010dnanu strieborn\u00e9ho vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa tieto zlo\u017eky vzory r\u00f4znych farieb a tvarov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kone\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkom je kruhov\u00fd obraz, v ktorom sa objavuj\u00fa kruhy, l\u00fa\u010de a jemn\u00e9 text\u00fary. Tieto vzory sa na r\u00f4znych p\u00f4dach v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161ia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako sa vytv\u00e1ra chromatogram?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jednou z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdhod tejto met\u00f3dy je, \u017ee sa d\u00e1 vykona\u0165 pomocou relat\u00edvne jednoduch\u00fdch prostriedkov. Na vykonanie sk\u00fa\u0161ky je potrebn\u00fd kruhov\u00fd filtra\u010dn\u00fd papier, roztok dusi\u010dnanu strieborn\u00e9ho a alkalick\u00fd v\u00fdluh z p\u00f4dy. Vzorka p\u00f4dy sa najsk\u00f4r vysu\u0161\u00ed, preosie a potom sa extrahuje roztokom hydroxidu sodn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1sledne sa extrakt cez mal\u00fa trubi\u010dku vsiakne do stredu filtra\u010dn\u00e9ho papiera a potom sa rozprestrie v smere l\u00fa\u010da. Po\u010das tohto procesu rozpusten\u00e9 miner\u00e1lne a organick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky reaguj\u00fa s i\u00f3nmi striebra r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi, \u010d\u00edm vznikaj\u00fa charakteristick\u00e9 vzory. Po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch vznikne chromatogram: kruhov\u00fd obraz, ktor\u00fd je \u010dasto mimoriadne p\u00f4sobiv\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Na
Tento chromatogram bol vyhotoven\u00fd z p\u00f4dy medzi radmi ovocn\u00fdch stromov na strmom svahu. Ide o oblas\u0165, ktor\u00e1 bola po cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia minim\u00e1lne naru\u0161en\u00e1, jej \u0161trukt\u00fara je mierne zhutnen\u00e1, ale vyzna\u010duje sa relat\u00edvne vysokou biologickou aktivitou. Radi\u00e1lny l\u00edniov\u00fd vzor nazna\u010duje, \u017ee na tvorbe z\u0155n sa okrem miner\u00e1lno-organick\u00fdch komplexov podie\u013eaj\u00fa aj huby.<\/em>
(foto: autorova sn\u00edmka)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Chromatogramy
Hotov\u00e9 chromatogramy sa su\u0161ia v nepriamom svetle, aby sa pod vplyvom svetlocitliv\u00e9ho dusi\u010dnanu strieborn\u00e9ho vynorili vzory odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00face stav p\u00f4dy (foto: autorova sn\u00edmka)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010co sa d\u00e1 zisti\u0165 z chromatogramu?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pfeiffer rozl\u00ed\u0161il na chromatograme tri hlavn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny. Vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 z\u00f3na sa nach\u00e1dza uprostred papiera. Odr\u00e1\u017ea hlavne rozpustn\u00e9 miner\u00e1lne l\u00e1tky a pohyblivej\u0161ie organick\u00e9 zlo\u017eky. Ak je t\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161 tmav\u00e1 alebo hust\u00e1, \u010dasto to nazna\u010duje nerovnov\u00e1hu alebo vysok\u00fd obsah soli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medziprste\u0148 s\u00favis\u00ed s organickou hmotou a hubami. \u0160irok\u00fd, jemne \u010dlenit\u00fd prste\u0148 zvy\u010dajne nazna\u010duje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah organickej hmoty. Ak je t\u00e1to z\u00f3na \u00fazka alebo ne\u010dlenit\u00e1, \u010dasto to sved\u010d\u00ed o hor\u0161om stave p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vonkaj\u0161ia z\u00f3na m\u00f4\u017ee vykazova\u0165 radi\u00e1lne vzory, tzv. \u201ehroty\u201d. Tieto \u0161trukt\u00fary s\u00fa \u010dasto spojen\u00e9 s biologickou aktivitou p\u00f4dy. V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 radi\u00e1lne vzory zvy\u010dajne signalizuj\u00fa akt\u00edvny p\u00f4dny \u017eivot. Rozmanitos\u0165 t\u0155\u0148ov poukazuje na rozmanitos\u0165 bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed \u017eij\u00facich v p\u00f4de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marie upozornila aj na stred filtra\u010dn\u00e9ho papiera: \u010d\u00edm je okolie stredu kruhu svetlej\u0161ie, t\u00fdm je p\u00f4da lep\u0161ie prevzdu\u0161nen\u00e1. \u010c\u00edm je tmav\u0161ie, t\u00fdm je p\u00f4da zhutnenej\u0161ia. Okrem toho, ak je chromatogram v radi\u00e1lnom smere prepleten\u00fd jemn\u00fdmi vl\u00e1knami od stredu a\u017e po okraj, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee m\u00e1me p\u00f4du s dobrou \u0161trukt\u00farou a agreg\u00e1ciou, v ktorej m\u00f4\u017eu biologick\u00e9 procesy dobre fungova\u0165 a huby prepletaj\u00fa cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sk\u00fasen\u00ed interpret\u00e1tori sa nezameriavaj\u00fa len na jednotliv\u00e9 prvky, ale aj na harm\u00f3niu cel\u00e9ho obrazu. Z\u00f3ny spolu vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa celistv\u00fd obraz, v ktorom s\u00fa rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 intenzita farieb, prechody, symetria aj jemn\u00e9 \u0161truktur\u00e1lne detaily. \u010c\u00edm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu harm\u00f3niu z\u00f3ny vykazuj\u00fa a \u010d\u00edm s\u00fa prechody medzi nimi rozmazanej\u0161ie, t\u00fdm je p\u00f4da vzdu\u0161nej\u0161ia, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie funguje hospod\u00e1renie s \u017eivinami a t\u00fdm je mikrobiologick\u00e1 aktivita a bilancia organickej hmoty v p\u00f4de v rovnov\u00e1he. Z chromatogramu m\u00f4\u017eeme od\u010d\u00edta\u0165 enzymatick\u00fa aktivitu p\u00f4dnych bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed a tie\u017e to, ako hubov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna prepletaj\u00fa a stabilizuj\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co na to hovor\u00ed veda?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vyn\u00e1ra sa ot\u00e1zka: do akej miery je t\u00e1to met\u00f3da spo\u013eahliv\u00e1 z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska? Hoci Pfeifferova met\u00f3da p\u00f4vodne vych\u00e1dzala z kvalitat\u00edvneho, takmer umeleck\u00e9ho v\u00fdkladu, modern\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy sa sna\u017eili kvantifikova\u0165 vz\u0165ah medzi charakteristikami chromatogramu a merate\u013en\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V posledn\u00fdch rokoch sa touto t\u00e9mou zaoberalo viacero v\u00fdskumov. V jednej talianskej \u0161t\u00fadii Kokornaczyk a spolupracovn\u00edci <\/em>(2017) preuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee vzory chromatogramov vykazuj\u00fa \u00fazku s\u00favislos\u0165 s obsahom organickej hmoty v p\u00f4de, celkov\u00fdm obsahom dus\u00edka a dostupn\u00fdm fosforom. (Kokornaczyk a kol.<\/em>, 2017, DOI: 10.1080\/01448765.2016.1214889).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V braz\u00edlskej \u0161t\u00fadii Graciano a jeho spolupracovn\u00edk<\/em>i (2020) podrobne analyzovali z\u00f3ny chromatogramu a zistili, \u017ee stredn\u00e1 z\u00f3na s\u00favis\u00ed s mno\u017estvom mikrobi\u00e1lnej biomasy, zatia\u013e \u010do vonkaj\u0161ia z\u00f3na s\u00favis\u00ed s aktivitou ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u00f4dnych enz\u00fdmov. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5296\/jas.v8i3.16336<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kolumbijsk\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia (Aguirre a kol.<\/em>, 2019) zase preuk\u00e1zala, \u017ee t\u00e1to met\u00f3da dok\u00e1\u017ee dobre rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 r\u00f4zne syst\u00e9my obhospodarovania, napr\u00edklad lesn\u00e9 p\u00f4dy a intenz\u00edvne obhospodarovan\u00e9 plochy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4067\/s0718-07642019000600337<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdskumov kruhov\u00e1 chromatografia nenahr\u00e1dza laborat\u00f3rne vy\u0161etrenia, ale d\u00e1 sa dobre vyu\u017ei\u0165 ako doplnkov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na pos\u00fadenie celkov\u00e9ho stavu p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do by to mohlo by\u0165 zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rov?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia sila kruhovej chromatografie mo\u017eno nespo\u010d\u00edva v jej presnosti, ale v jej schopnosti formova\u0165 poh\u013ead na vec. Ide o lacn\u00fd a relat\u00edvne jednoduch\u00fd sp\u00f4sob, ktor\u00fd poskytuje r\u00fdchlu sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu a nevy\u017eaduje laborat\u00f3rne z\u00e1zemie. Na opl\u00e1tku pom\u00e1ha vn\u00edma\u0165 p\u00f4du v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch s\u00favislostiach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u013enohospod\u00e1r m\u00f4\u017ee napr\u00edklad porovna\u0165 chromatogramy oranej a neorananej plochy. Alebo si m\u00f4\u017ee pozrie\u0165, ako sa men\u00ed stav p\u00f4dy v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rokov p\u00f4dopokryvn\u00e1 rastlina<\/a>-po pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1to met\u00f3da m\u00e1 v\u0161ak svoje obmedzenia, ktor\u00e9 je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si jasne uvedomi\u0165. Interpret\u00e1cia chromatogramu je do ur\u010ditej miery subjekt\u00edvna a vy\u017eaduje si sk\u00fasenosti. Met\u00f3da neposkytuje presn\u00e9 hodnoty \u017eiv\u00edn a nenahr\u00e1dza ani ofici\u00e1lne anal\u00fdzy p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumov sa najlep\u0161ie hod\u00ed na porovn\u00e1vanie r\u00f4znych syst\u00e9mov obhospodarovania, sledovanie zmien stavu p\u00f4dy a z\u00edskanie preh\u013eadu o biologickej aktivite p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Star\u00fd, nov\u00fd sp\u00f4sob pozorovania p\u00f4dy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00fdm zo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch princ\u00edpov po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva zameran\u00e9ho na obnovu p\u00f4dy je, \u017ee k p\u00f4de pristupujeme ako k \u017eiv\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu. Na to sa v\u0161ak mus\u00edme nau\u010di\u0165 vn\u00edma\u0165 zmeny. Vynikaj\u00facim n\u00e1strojom na tento \u00fa\u010del m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 takmer storo\u010dn\u00e1 kruhov\u00e1 chromatografia pod\u013ea Pfeiffera. Ukazuje n\u00e1m, kde sa nach\u00e1dzame na ceste k regener\u00e1cii p\u00f4dy, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u00e1s u\u010d\u00ed pokore. Regener\u00e1cia p\u00f4dy, zlep\u0161enie jej kvality a zdravia sa neudeje zo d\u0148a na de\u0148. Na rodinnom statku G\u00e4sslerovcov sa p\u00f4da buduje u\u017e viac ako dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia a chromatogramy nemilosrdne ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee st\u00e1le je kam r\u00e1s\u0165. Nie je to z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e1 met\u00f3da a nenahr\u00e1dza laborat\u00f3rne \u00fadaje. Je to v\u0161ak n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee po\u013enohospod\u00e1rom pom\u00f4c\u0165 lep\u0161ie spozna\u0165 fungovanie ich vlastnej p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AUTOR: V\u00cdG VIT\u00c1LIA \u2022 P\u00d4DNY EKOLOG, MANA\u017d\u00c9R VZDEL\u00c1VACIEHO PROGRAMU PRE ASOCI\u00c1CIU PO\u013dNOHOSPOD\u00c1ROV ZA REGENER\u00c1CIU P\u00d4DY, ZAKLADATE\u013d TERRAVITKA<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pfeifferova p\u00f4dna chromatografia je jednoduch\u00e1 met\u00f3da, pomocou ktorej si po\u013enohospod\u00e1ri m\u00f4\u017eu sami urobi\u0165 preh\u013ead o dian\u00ed v p\u00f4de<\/p>","protected":false},"author":478,"featured_media":12036,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[45],"class_list":["post-12035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-talaj","tag-cikk"],"yoast_head":"\nA talaj \u201eujjlenyomata\u201d - Talajmeg\u00faj\u00edt\u00f3 Gazd\u00e1k Egyes\u00fclete<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tmg.hu\/sk\/otlacok-pody\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A talaj \u201eujjlenyomata\u201d - 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